How do Heavy Truck Chassis Shock Absorbers work under different road conditions?

The performance of heavy truck chassis shock absorbers under different road conditions is a key issue, because changes in road conditions can significantly affect the performance of shock absorbers, which directly affects the comfort, stability and safety of the vehicle.

1. Highway (flat, smooth road surface)
Shock absorption performance requirements: On highways, the road surface is usually flat and smooth. At this time, the truck shock absorbers are mainly responsible for handling slight vibrations from the wheels and slight swings of the body to ensure stable driving of the vehicle.

Shock absorber performance:

When driving at high speeds, the shock absorbers need to ensure that the body maintains good stability and avoid body bounce caused by slight unevenness of the wheels.

In this case, low-speed damping (low-frequency shock absorption) usually does not play a big role, but high-speed damping (high-frequency shock absorption) is very important to reduce body shaking caused by wind resistance and slight fluctuations in the road surface.

Shock absorbers on highways usually require higher damping force to ensure a stable body, reduce wind noise and slight swings of the body.

2. Rugged mountain roads or unpaved roads (uneven and bumpy roads)
Shock absorption performance requirements: On rugged mountain roads or unpaved roads, the road surface is uneven and the vibration is large. At this time, the shock absorber needs to be able to absorb a large impact to prevent excessive vibration from being transmitted to the vehicle body.

Shock absorber performance:

Due to the uneven road surface, the vibration generated by the tire contacting the ground is large, and the shock absorber needs to effectively absorb these impacts to ensure the comfort and stability of the vehicle body.

It is necessary to have a higher stroke and adjustable damping characteristics to cope with the ever-changing road surface ups and downs.

High damping force can effectively suppress vibration, but if the damping force is too large, it may affect the suspension comfort of the vehicle and cause discomfort to the vehicle body. At this time, the air suspension system or hydraulic shock absorber can adapt to different road conditions by adjusting the damping force to provide better comfort.

3. Muddy or slippery roads (such as rainy days, snowy roads, and muddy roads)
Shock absorption performance requirements: Muddy or slippery roads can easily cause tires to slip or lose grip. Shock absorbers need to maintain vehicle stability while reducing body vibration caused by uneven contact with the ground.

Shock absorber performance:

In slippery conditions, the damping characteristics of the shock absorber are very important. Hydraulic shock absorbers can provide continuous adjustment to ensure that the wheels always remain grounded, thereby improving traction and wheel grip.

An effective anti-rebound design is required to prevent excessive rebound on slippery roads, resulting in loss of control or unstable handling.

At this time, the air suspension system can help balance the center of gravity of the vehicle body and prevent slipping problems caused by unstable center of gravity of the vehicle.

4. Urban roads (bumpy and high-traffic environments)
Shock absorption performance requirements: Urban roads usually have more traffic obstacles, potholes, and irregular roads. In this case, the main task of the shock absorber is to absorb the impact caused by various road surface irregularities while providing a certain degree of driving comfort.

Shock absorber performance:

Due to the frequent changes in road conditions, shock absorbers need to have good responsiveness and adjustment capabilities. Hydraulic and air shock absorption systems can respond quickly to reduce the impact of vibration and road impact on the vehicle body.

It is necessary to have a longer compression stroke and more adaptable damping adjustment to cope with rapidly changing road conditions, such as speed bumps, potholes, ruts, etc.

The air suspension system can adapt to the unevenness and ups and downs of urban roads by automatically adjusting the height and damping of the vehicle body.

5. High-speed bumps (such as undulating roads, sudden roadblocks)
Shock absorption performance requirements: When encountering sudden roadblocks (such as speed bumps, road bumps, etc.) when driving at high speed, the shock absorber needs to effectively absorb the severe impact force to prevent severe body rebound or damage.

Shock absorber performance:

The initial response speed and high-frequency damping of the shock absorber are particularly important. High-frequency damping force can effectively reduce sudden vibrations and prevent severe impacts on the vehicle body.

In this situation, the shock absorber should not only effectively absorb the impact, but also ensure the stability of the vehicle during sharp deceleration or turning, and reduce the loss of control or tilt caused by vibration or bumps.

6. When transporting with heavy loads (such as full load or overload conditions)
Shock absorption performance requirements: Under heavy loads, the pressure on the body and chassis increases, and the shock absorber needs to provide stronger support and higher load-bearing capacity to maintain the stability of the body.

Shock absorber performance:

Stronger damping force is required when overloaded to avoid the chassis grounding due to excessive compression of the vehicle, or even loss of control.

The performance of airbag air suspension is particularly important at this time. It can automatically adjust the height of the vehicle body to ensure the stability and comfort of the vehicle when loaded.

Therefore, when choosing a suitable shock absorber, the vehicle load, driving environment and expected service life must be taken into account to ensure that the shock absorber can provide the best performance under various road conditions.